RESEARCH OBJECTIVE(S)
1. To review the state of art on Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) occurrences in the environment
2. To determine the spatial distribution level and update the current status of the Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) in Malaysian drinking water
3. To examine and elucidate the occurrence, transport and fate of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) in Malaysian drinking water distribution system
4. To evaluate and predict the toxicity level of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) poses on environmental matrices and human health via risk assessments in Malaysia
5. To explore integrations of risk mitigation to reduce the extent of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) exposure and risk into the existing legislative and policy framework in Malaysia
6. To incorporate Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) in environmental management at national scale in developing drinking water safety framework in Malaysia